Abstract: The peptide BPC-157 exhibits a broad spectrum of activity, directly improving the functioning of many organs and systems. Its protective function against microorganisms allows the immune system to be maintained in proper form, which prevents the development of pathogen infections and leads to their faster elimination from the body.

Keywords: immune system; immunological system; BPC-157 therapy; spleen; lymph nodes; tonsils; herpes virus

List of abbreviations: BPC-157- Body Protection Compound; HSV-1- Herpes Simplex Virus; LPS- Lipopolysaccharide

The immune system

The immune system, also referred to as the immunological system, provides protective immune mechanisms through the organs that comprise it. It constitutes the first element attacked by various types of microorganisms, and thanks to its activity, not every contact with microbes results in a dangerous infection. Additionally, the immune system is capable of distinguishing between self and foreign cells and acquiring immunological memory by remembering antigens it has encountered, enabling faster and more effective responses in the event of a threat.

Structure and functions of the immune system

The human immune system consists of many functionally interconnected organs. The immune system comprises primary and secondary lymphatic organs. The former are responsible for lymphocyte development, including their maturation and transformation into functionally active cells, while the secondary lymphatic organs allow these cells to function properly. The largest organ of the immune system is the spleen, whose main function is the production of antibodies, lymphocytes, and monocytes. Other functions of the spleen include blood storage and participation in the removal of abnormal morphotic blood elements. It is worth noting that functioning without a spleen is possible, however it is associated with a significant weakening of immunity. Another component of the immune system is the lymph nodes, responsible for filtering lymph. The tonsils, as an organ of the system, allow immune system cells to proliferate, thereby fulfilling a protective function against microorganisms originating from air or food. The cells of the immune system include lymphocytes, macrophages, phagocytes, granulocytes, antibodies, and NK cells.

Effect of BPC-157 therapy on the immune system

The peptide BPC-157 is recognized as a peptide with antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. BPC-157 constitutes an important element of anti-infective defense. Its mechanism of action is based on binding LPS as well as IL-1β and TNF-α, which are components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, leading to their release from the bacterial wall and destruction of the cell wall, resulting in the death and destruction of the microbial cell. This action additionally causes this mechanism to function as the first line of defense against pathogens.

BPC-157 therapy in the treatment of herpes virus

BPC-157 peptide therapy in relation to the commonly occurring herpes virus is associated with its direct interaction with viral particles and their inactivation, most commonly concerning enveloped viruses, in which disintegration of the envelope occurs — an envelope essential in the process of viral fusion with the host cell. The mechanism of action promoting the treatment of herpes with BPC-157 peptide involves neutralization of the herpes virus (HSV-1) and reduction of the risk of its occurrence with simultaneous systematic and long-term use, preventing the virus from entering the cell.

Summary

Proper functioning of the immune system is essential for quality of life. BPC-157 in the form of intragastric administration (via capsules or dissolving the substance in water) demonstrates effective action on the immune system. It can be confidently stated that BPC-157 in the form of a stable salt is a new precursor in the treatment of immune system disorders.

Bibliography

  1. M.Knezevic, Gojkovic.S, Krezic.I, Zizek.H, Knezevic.T, Occluded Superior Mesenteric Artery and Vein. Therapy with the Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157. Biomedicines 2021; 9(7), 792; DOI:10.3390/biomedicines9070792 https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9070792
  1. Seiwerth.S, Milavic.M, Vukojevic.J, Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Wound Healing. 2021 Jun 29;12:627533; DOI:10.3389/fphar.2021.62753310.3389/fphar.2021.627533
  1. Gojkovic.S, Krezic.I, Vranes.H, Zizek.H, Drmic.D, BPC 157 Therapy and the Permanent Occlusion of the Superior Sagittal Sinus in Rat: Vascular Recruitment. Biomedicines 2021 28;9(7):744. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines907074410.3390/biomedicines9070744

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